Radio Frequency (RF) Fiber Optic Network Management System
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System Design Criteria
- The KL Fiber system designs have evolved and resulted from years of user experiences. They incorporate cost effectiveness in system configurations. They provide either: military qualified or commercial equivalence of components; military qualified or commercial equivalence of physical interfaces. They incorporate flexibility in M&C configurations. Serial RS-232 or RS-422 is the standard M&C implemented. Standard Ethernet, Ethernet over Copper (EoC) or wireless M&C channels are also available upon request.
- The fiber link criteria is always critical and as such, KL Fiber system designs incorporate the fiber link margins required in setting up pre-installed systems. As an example, a 1600 foot trunk between the remote and central unit results in an approximate insertion loss of 6.00dB. KL Fiber L-Band system assemblies provide a nominal dynamic range of approximately 12.1dB providing a link margin of approximately 6.10dB. KL Fiber M&C assemblies provide a nominal dynamic range of approximately 16.00dB providing a link margin of 9.80dB. Factory pre-sets are incorporated into the fiber converter assemblies (FCA) to optimize the operability of the fiber link to support the link margins.
- Electromagnetic and Radio Frequency immunity are corner stones of all KL Fiber system designs. Lightening surge protection is also provided on all coaxial L-band channels and, when implemented, EoC channels.
- Mean Time Between Failure (MTBF) of parts and components integrated into the KL Fiber systems are a key factor of their design. Currently, the KLfiber systems have a calculated MTBF of >51,000 hours (5.82Years)
System Implementation
Television Receive-Only (TVRO)
- The implementation of KLxT systems requires that the user definitions of the broadcast system provide: the TVRO broadcast channel definitions, i.e., C-Band, KuLO, KuHI bands, linear, or circular; the required number of broadcast channels; and space available within the user’s antenna and within the broadcast space.
- The KL Fiber TVRO KLCT Central Units provide the user the ability to provide their broadcast equipment the necessary Integrated Receiver-Decoder (IRD) bias voltage of +13VDC/+18VDC or none if not required.
- The KLRT Remote Units have been designed and configured to provide the antenna Low Noise Block-converter (LNB) the necessary bias voltage to coincide with the required broadcast channel polarization.
Very-Small-Aperture Terminal (VSAT)
- The implementation of KLxV systems requires that the user definitions of the broadcast system provide: the VSAT broadcast channel definitions, the M&C necessary for operations; and space available within the user’s antenna and within the broadcast space.
Global Position Satellite (GPS)
- Implementation of the KLxG systems require very little user definitions as the interfaces are limited to: the conversion of GPS L1/L2 L-band from the AE to the GPS receiver; the C&C interface between the GPS receiver to and from the AE; and the fiber FCA M&C between the KLW8RG and the KLCW8G.
Search and Rescue (SAR)
- Implementation of the KLxS systems also requires very little user definitions as the interfaces are limited to: L-band or S-Band conversion (1544.4MHz or 2226MHz respectively) from the antenna group to the SAR receiver baseband equipment; and the fiber FCA Serial M&C between the KLCS Central Unit and the KLCS Remote Unit.
Non-Powered Multiplexer and Demultiplexer (MUX/DEMUX)
- Implementation of MUX/DEMUX is dependent solely upon user fiber trunk utilization. These units have been designed to support 4:1, 8:1 and 16:1 functionality. They are totally non-powered units which were designed to provide multiplexing of multiple fiber nodes onto a single fiber trunk, thereby reducing costly multi-core cable requirements to a minimum.
- The functionality of the MUX/DEMUX has been implemented with a simple Coarse Wave Division Multiplex (CWDM) scheme. This functionality has also been integrated into many of the KLfiber fiber transmission systems whenever minimizing the trunks are required or desired.